Wednesday, August 28, 2019

MONEY 174 - STOCKS


THIS IS MY 174TH BLOG ON UNDERSTANDING MONEY TOOLS
August, 2019

In this blog we are going to take another look at stocks.  I attempt to teach you to be more independent when it comes to financial and business decisions.  I am “not going to give you a fish, but will give you the rod, reel, line, hook and bate for you to catch fish.”  If you’ve referred to my past blogs on the economy and markets they should have left you with some thoughts:
-       President Trump will do all he can to prop up the stock market and avoid recession until he gets re-elected.
-       The stock markets are very manipulated with government and large banks intervening.
-       The stock market trends and erratic swings on a daily basis are not norms; there is not a 50, 100 or 200 day moving average to rely on.
-       The bond markets have been in an inversion curve for some time, and the government makes light of the historical reading on this.  Short term note yields are higher than the 10 and 30 year bond yields.  Increased demand for bonds. Interest rates (yield) come down and market value of existing bonds goes up.
-       The tremendous printing of money, debt (governmental and private) and the ignoring of warnings by the International Monetary Fund and World Bank about our fragile financial situation are not to take lightly as the world “works” around our currency.
-       Except for a couple times in history the unprecedented highs of the markets.

Let’s start by looking at the unrealistic highs of the stock markets, as I keep pointing out.  Are we in a new paradigm to evaluate stock prices? Some people say the new price to earnings ratios can be 20 to 25 to 1, versus the hundred year average of 14 or 15 to 1.  Is this excuse because financial people want to sell you more?  I want to ask you a question and we will  relate that to the stocks and funds you are buying.  Let’s assume I have a small retail business for sale that has some growth potential.  My bottom line pre-tax earnings are $100,000.  How much will an investor most likely offer for my business if I wanted to sell?  If you say about $250,000 to $300,000 plus inventory at cost it is realistic.  Let’s assume this small company is a public company in today’s market.  Taking the DOW P/E today at 27.5 to 1.  That would mean that you or someone else thinks your company is worth $2,750,000.  It’s not real nor are the stock markets today. 

We have helped you analyze stocks in past blogs.  We used price to earnings, projected price to earnings, book value and other terms.  I like to look at more tools.  How about the price to book value as a ratio?  Book value and break-up value are quite similar.  Take assets and remove intangibles and “blue sky” from the equation, then less a company’s  liabilities.

How about taking the capitalization in regard to price and earnings.  Capitalization is the value of a company’s value taking the price of the stock times the number of shares outstanding or “in the float”.  Some of these values are out of sight, and will come down.  The favorite 5, or “FAANG”, are already coming down or stable.  The real money has been made. Those stocks, if you don’t know, are Facebook, Amazon, Apple, Netflix and Google.

For stocks look at “insider” trading.  Insiders are the directors, officers, Board members, and top management.  Are they selling or buying?  From what Trim Tabs Investment Research states about $600 million of stock value is sold “each day” by insiders; tells me “watch out”!  Many companies  have completed initial public offerings the past few years.  Typically insiders and stock “option” people cannot sell for a period of 2 years unless they are defined as an institutional investor. (Ruling 144 of the Securities and Exchange Commission.)  Institutional investor designation is a bit of a misnomer.  An individual who makes himself wealthy like Bill Gates, Jeff Bezos or Jeff Zuckerberg can be declared institutional investors and sell large blocks of their stock through Wall Street banking firms within the two year time period.  This has to be applied for and approved by the SEC.

For stock stability, look at the “liquid asset test” or “quick ratio”.  This is the ratio between assets and total liabilities.  The ratio should be 2 assets for 1 liability, or 2:1.

Don’t just look at current earnings, look at track record of earnings growth.  What is the pattern? Volatile?  Is the Board of Directors continually increasing the dividend yield, or just hoarding money?

Strong or weak days on Wall Street?  Make sure you look at volume traded. One stronger day with weak volume says nothing.

There is a “Tracking P/E” and a “Forward P/E”.  Tracking P/E is the price to earnings in the past 4 quarters.  Forward P/E is the projected price to earnings ratio the next 4 quarters, (PP/E).

Where to invest?  Basically for funds there are 4 locations, the DOW Jones Industrials, the S&P 500, the NASDAQ and the Russell 2000.  The NASDAQ and Russell 2000 are more small-capitalized companies and technology oriented.  I would tend to invest, if at all, in quality, staple companies with low P/E’s around 10:1 paying good dividends.  Why take the risk in these economic times?

If I were buying bonds, I would “ladder” my bonds, meaning purchasing with various maturity dates.  I do think interest rates and yields will come down from here.  Many solid countries around the world like Germany, Switzerland and the Scandinavian countries have lower interest rates than we do.  All economies are slowing.

Gold?  Always a reason to keep a small amount in a good portfolio.  Buy a gold stock instead of bullion on the dips.  Analyze a gold company the same way you would analyze an oil/gas company: what are the reserves, what are the potential future reserves, good management in place, and history.  About 20 years ago when gold was going up I “played” a company called Randgold.  They met my criteria years ago.  I believe they merged and now under Barrick Gold.  Symbol on the NASDAQ exchange is GOLD.

If you’ve made money on growth stocks, this may be the time to re-evaluate your portfolio.  Long-term capital gains on stocks held longer than 12 months are 0%, 15% or 20% based upon your income tax bracket.  In the longer term I don’t see how the US can operate without increasing taxes, especially if a Democrat becomes president.  This may be good and needed for the younger generation of people.

Farcical.  Such a delightful word, that only brings up Uber in my mindset. A company with no assets to speak of, most likely will never see a profit and ran a $5 billion loss second quarter 2019.  I am not sure how many quarters they could sustain as such.

Again, I hope you got something out of this blog.

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