Sunday, March 23, 2014

MONEY 40 - STOCK MARKETS


THIS IS MY 40TH BLOG ON UNDERSTANDING MONEY TOOLS

Let’s take a look at the stock markets. It is important to note the writing and dates in regard to markets as they fluctuate quickly with varying news and reports. (This written on March 17, 2004….Happy St. Paddy’s Day!) Again, please note my writings are not to be taken in extreme depth in any subject matter, however to give a quick overview and insight as to how I see things.

As previously noted, the US stock markets are seeing highs and historically quite overpriced in relationship to price to earnings of companies and overall capitalizations. Why is this?  There are a few reasons:
1)    Stocks are very manipulated by Wall Street and the media coverage.
2)    Currently, the stock markets are the only game in town so to speak, they have rendered a good return on investment and liquidity.
3)    World economic issues and problems have had wealthy investors seeking stability of the United States.
4)    Janet Yellen, the new Federal Reserve Chief, is following similar financial philosophies of her predecessor, Mr. Bernanke.

Here is a brief breakdown on each of the above topics. Stocks are greatly manipulated. Good news from the media usually takes the overall markets up, bad news here, or perhaps worldwide can take markets down. Several top analysts think the market still has more upside in 2014, perhaps in the 6-8% growth range.

The economic reports indicate the US economy is doing better and perhaps have a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 3%, I don’t see much above 2%, and that is leaving us flat, and unemployment high. Too many of the big companies are leaving their trillions of dollars in profits abroad and that money is not circulating or helping us here in the USA. Recent figures for non-taxable personal and corporate money abroad is around $7.9 trillion.

I thought that after Russia did an outstanding job with the winter Olympics their stock markets would have gone up.  Then, came the Ukraine problems and their markets have been hard hit. With Western economic sanctions unfolding on Russia, their markets will get further hit. What is the major problem? As I see it, Russia doesn’t want to let go of the satellite countries it once controlled, and major to this are the pipelines for oil and natural gas from Russia to Europe. It’s usually over money and control. (Go to Google and look at the oil/gas pipelines from Russia to the ports and seas.)

Point 2 above covers where to put money. We have talked a lot about what happened to the “American Dream” of home ownership and real estate. Younger people want to rent, not have families, have smaller places to live, not be tied down and have seen real estate lose 60-75% of the high values. No guarantees in life! Real estate can lack liquidity, which means selling and getting your money out.  Stocks are normally liquid. You can call up a stock broker, exit the company and get your money. Emerging countries have weakened economic forecasts, thus more money into our markets. Also, some South American countries have issues such as Venezuela, Argentina and to some degree Brazil.

The US dollar and markets have always been the safe haven of the world.

Regarding point 4 we have touched upon the topic in the past. Quantitative Easing has pumped almost $4 trillion dollars into the economy and banks. The big banks have been investing in the markets. The philosophy of Janet Yellen is to continue to hold interest rates low, try to keep our economy moving forward and Wall Street loves the news.

Wednesday, March 12, 2014

MONEY 39 - BANKING/FINANCE


THIS IS MY 39TH BLOG ON UNDERSTANDING MONEY TOOLS

Let’s discuss why small companies and the middle class cannot get ahead with current banking regulations, and private investors.

As discussed in the past we went from far too loose banking regulation to absurd tightening. I will concisely state some of these banking problems as follows:
-       Too much paper work, too much regulation, too much bureaucracy, all taking too much time.
-       You cannot get a loan if you need a loan! That means no money loaned for start up and small business. Businesses need to be operating and successful for 3 years to get a loan, and such a loan would be for expansion of the already successful business.
-       A loan can only be obtained if the primary borrower/officers of the corporation have high credit ratings.
-       You can only get a loan for a new company, even if you have tons of collateral, if you have been in the same industry for years with past success.
-       Banks want all investors within a small company to submit their tax returns and be jointly and severally liable for all debt. Permit me to explain with an illustration.  You have 10 investors in your LLC.  You want to borrow $1 million for a company. Banks want no risk, so they want each investor to guarantee the loan. This goes down on each investor’s balance sheet as a “contingent liability”.  Therefore, an investor’s balance sheet will show that he has an asset of $100,000, yet under his liabilities he needs to show $1,000,000. Not a good deal.
-       Banks promissory notes many times have due upon sale, due upon changes in financials, due upon change in valuation of asset, due upon “anything”. Partners and I got caught on this back in 2008. Working line of credit, two appraisals substantiating 800% equity over loan, loan not due, plenty of money remaining on the line of credit, however the banks called the line of credit. So, I know this happens. We lost the project. The ideas of significantly “over collateralizing” a loan is ridiculous and impedes business growth.
-       Banks require any business needing to be in a profitable position at time of loan to immediately pay down principal and interest.


The other option to going to a bank for money is borrowing from private parties. Some are actually called “angel investors”, most of the time I call them “sharks”. These are the common practices today for these people and companies:
-       You need to put up a substantial amount of equity yourself.
-       Relatively high interest rates, above bank rates.
-       Note callable for almost any reason.
-       Note callable plus foreclosure if a payment is late or missed.
-       Over collateralizing loan amount. This is very typical as the lender is looking for foreclosing so he can retain interest amount to date, plus the equity you have built in the business or project.

Here are some ideas to help prevent some of these issues with a private lender. 
-       Only over collateralize the loan 20%, or what you deem               reasonable and can afford.  If the loan is over collateralized the lender may just pray for default so they make much more money. Not a good equitable business relationship.
-       Take a certain portion of the money and immediately place it in escrow to make payments up to a year or so in case your business pro-forma does not meet expectations, but you can still make the necessary payments without foreclosure.
-       Know whom you are dealing with, and what their reputation is.
-       Shop the market for rates, and also check with bank rates. You will be slightly higher in rates with the private lender, but if it is not a good deal, better to walk away.
-       Set a time frame for payment in full that is longer than intended to be careful that you can pay the loan back in full when it matures.